Glossary

A computer program using artificial intelligence that is designed to emulate and mimic human intelligence, skills or behavior.

To send goods to another country, usually by ship, plane, train, or truck.

A business or person that acts as an intermediary between the buyer and seller in the international market for a fee but does not take part in the sales transaction.

Adhering to the regulations and rules for exporting products, including packaging, labeling, and documentation.

Document required by the government to be completed by the exporter to show the value, weight, consignee, destination, etc., pertinent to the export shipment.

A number on the Shipper's Export Declaration that identifies the exporter, such as the Federal Employer Identification Number issued by the IRS.

Government document that authorizes an exporter to export a controlled commodity to a specific country. License requirements vary by country and ship-to.

A private firm that serves as the export department for manufacturers and assumes many of the responsibilities and risks associated with exporting.

Document specifying the details of the sale including purchase price, responsiblilty for shipping the goods, when delivery is expected, and the payment terms.

A business that buys domestic products in order to sell them in another country or in other countries. A trading company takes title to the goods that are bought.

An expedited type of delivery service for packages, often next day or second day.

In logistics, supply chain partners working together to form a larger entity which operates as though it were a single unit.

An application that facilitates direct communication of data among computers on the Internet and defines specifics about the category of information.

Suppliers are viewed as an extension of the firm’s manufacturing capabilities and capacities with the same practices and concerns applied by management.

A private network available only for selected users. A way to connect to third parties like vendors, customers, and partners in a secure and controlled way.

Buyer takes possession of the goods at the origin and bears all costs and risks associated with transporting the goods to the destination.

A manufacturer that uses raw materials to make other products, such as steel rods into nuts and bolts or paper into bags and boxes.

Physical buildings, manufacuring plants, distribution centers, service centers, and related equipment.

A step-by-step process analysis tool to identify possible failures in a design, a manufacturing or assembly process, or a product or service.

The profit level that allows a carrier to realize a rate of return on investment or property value that regulatory agencies deem acceptable for that level of risk.

In logistics, the estimated market value of a carrier’s property. The calculation includes the original cost minus depreciation, replacement cost, and current value.

See Free Along Side (FAS) and Final Assembly Schedule (FAS).

See Full Container Load (FCL).

The federal agency that administers U.S. safety regulations governing air transportation, including the safety of air shipments and regulating air traffic.

Guidelines developed for use by the federal government but also used by many in the private sector voluntarily.