Germany is the EU’s largest consumer of Russian natural gas. The threat of weaponizing Russian supplies as we approach winter persists, and Gazprom’s recent cut to Nord Stream 1 volumes to 20% of capacity from June 27 onwards is a case in point. To put the volumes at stake into perspective, this article provides a quantitative assessment of the pre-war baseline, the current status quo, as well as possible future developments. Our conclusion examines the degree to which measures that are currently being taken by Germany can counter cuts in Russian supply.
Violent clashes between protesters, police and the army broke out in Kazakhstan after the government lifted its price cap on LPG, which is widely used as a motor fuel in the country.